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At the beginning of the discussion, we should learn more about how each device works:

The device package that replaces the motor of old houses:

In a general definition, the package is a device that produces hot water for building heating system (radiators, split duct, fan coil, underfloor heating) as well as hot water for health purposes (shower, bathroom, etc.).

Types of packages based on installation location:

1- wall package:

Due to its smaller dimensions, the wall package can be installed on the wall or inside the cabinet. Wall-mounted packages are available in single-converter and double-converter models. Wall-mounted packages do not have the possibility of simultaneous supply of sanitary hot water and hot water required by the heating system, and the priority is to supply sanitary hot water.

2- Ground package:

Ground packages are produced like spa wall packages for the heating system and sanitary spa, with the difference that ground packages are for coil source, consumer spa pump and heating pump and can replace small traditional engine houses. Ground packages have higher capacities and larger dimensions than wall packages and require a larger space for installation compared to wall packages.

Click here to read the difference between wall and floor packages.

Types of packages based on the number of converters:

1- single converter package:

In these packages, the converter contains two pipes, so that in one of the pipes, hot water flows and in the other, the hot water of the heating system flows. In this model of the package, the hot water heater and the hot water heating system are both in direct contact with the flame, as a result, there is a higher possibility of sediment formation in the exchanger, and since the hot water heater is in direct contact with the flame, the temperature fluctuations in this model of the package are more.

2- Package of two instantaneous converters:

These packages have two converters, primary (to heat the heating system spa) and secondary (to heat the consumer spa). The main converter is in direct contact with the flame and the spa heats the heating system. The secondary exchanger consists of plates that flow as one between the sanitary spa and the heating system spa among its plates. Diagnosing the health spa production status is done by flow switch, flow meter or similar. In this way, in case of request for a sanitary spa, the three-way valve changes the path of the spa in the heating system and the heated water flows to the secondary exchanger and indirectly leads to the heating of the spa. If the health spa is not used and the winter mode is active, the three-way valve directs the flow to the heating path. In the two-converter packages, the hot water used is not directly connected with the flame, as a result, the possibility of sedimentation is less.

- Package of two converters with tank:

Tank packages have a coil source, a coil source spa circulation pump and a heating pump (or three-way valve). In this sanitary spa system, it is heated by a coiled source, the temperature of the water in the tank is controlled by a temperature sensor, and if the water temperature is lower than the set temperature, the circulator pump of the sanitary spa path is turned on and the circulator pump of the heating path is turned off, and if requested If there is a heating direction, the pump related to the heating system is turned on. In this system, as in instant packages, it is not possible to supply sanitary hot water and hot water for the heating system at the same time. .

Types of packages based on the type of combustion:

1- Non-condensing package:

In normal packages, sensible fuel energy is used to heat the incoming water. In these packages, the temperature of the smoke coming out of the chimney is high. In fact, part of the energy from the combustion products is wasted.

- Condensation package:

In normal packages, the sensible energy of the fuel is used to heat the incoming cold water, and the combustion products leave the chimney at a high temperature, in fact, part of the heat produced is wasted. In condensation packages, the heat of combustion products (smoke) coming out of the chimney is also used to heat the incoming water. In this way, there is always carbon dioxide and water (in the form of water vapor) in the combustion products, the latent heat of the existing water vapor is used to preheat the incoming water, and the water vapor, losing the latent heat, reaches the following temperature. The dew point is reached and condensation occurs. In this way, by using the thermal energy of combustion products, fuel consumption is saved and the efficiency of the device is increased. Since the condensed water produced is acidic, the material of the outlet pipe of the drain and converter of these packages must be anti-corrosive.

Types of packages based on the combustion chamber:

Package with open combustion chamber

In a package with an open combustion chamber, the air required for combustion is supplied from the interior. The discharge of combustion products can be done by a fan or by natural suction through the chimney.

Package with closed combustion chamber

In a package with a closed combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is completely sealed and the air required for combustion must be supplied from outside air. In this package model, the device is equipped with a coaxial fan and chimney in order to provide the necessary air for combustion and the exit of combustion products. It is also possible to use a single-axis chimney (two separate pipes, one for providing the air necessary for combustion and the other for the exit of combustion products).

Types of packages based on how to discharge combustion products

1-Fan package

In packages with fans, exhaust gases from combustion are forced by a fan. The diameter of the chimney of packages with fans is smaller than packages without fans. In packages with fans, the chimney is in the form of two coaxial pipes, from the inner pipe the products of combustion are removed and from the outer pipe the necessary air for combustion is provided. Since the length of the coaxial chimney is limited, in cases where the length of the chimney exceeds the maximum permissible length of the coaxial chimney, two separate pipes can be used, one for the exit of combustion products and the other for the entry of fresh air.

- Package without fan:

In packages without fans, the discharge of combustion products is done with natural suction caused by the height of the chimney (minimum 3 meters and maximum height of 20 meters). In packages without fans, it is better to install the adjustment cap at the end of the chimney.

Types of packages based on fuel consumption:

1-Gas package:

The fuel consumption of these packages is natural gas and due to the lower cost of gas fuel compared to electricity in Iran, it is the most common form of package and they are available in floor and wall models.

2- Electric package

Electric packages are available in the form of walls and since they do not need a chimney, they are used in spaces where there is a limit in terms of the possibility of running a chimney or there is no access to city gas.

3- Diesel package:

Gasoil packages are available in ground form and are used in areas where there is no access to gas fuel

4-Dual fuel package:

In dual-fuel packages, part of the consumption is in the form of diesel and part in the form of gas. These packages, which are available on the ground, are used in applications that are sensitive and there is a possibility of gas interruption.

Click here to study the reason why the water is not heated by the package.

What is a motorhome?

In response to the question of what is a motor house, I should say that a room or a separate part of a building that is responsible for maintaining mechanical and electromechanical equipment for heating and cooling a residential, office, industrial, etc. environment is called a motor house.

In small residential environments, one room is enough to set up a motor home, but in large places such as hospitals, hotels, factories, etc., several rooms are used to set up a motor home.

The location of the motor home is usually better in the underground rooms or rooms that are far from your environment.

Click here to read the article about the difficulty of the package.

Types of engine houses:

About the types of motorhomes, I must say that there are many types of motorhomes, including industrial, residential, office, hospital, commercial, etc. motorhomes, the most important of which are industrial and residential, which will be explained to you.

Industrial engine house:

Industrial engine houses require a larger space than other engine houses.

Because these types of engine houses are used for factories or large industries and also the equipment of these types of engine houses are very large.

Residential engine house:

Residential motor homes are usually set up for heating and cooling a complex, and if you want to set up a motor home for a single unit, it costs a lot and it is better to use a package.

The engine of residential houses is usually started underground or in a separate room from your house.

engine room components:

Pot:

Boilers are generally divided into two types, cast iron and steel. Usually, cast iron boilers are used in residential houses or in other words in environments where a powerful system is not needed due to their low pressure resistance. Also, the price of these types of boilers is much lower than steel boilers. Due to its high resistance, steel boilers are used in all kinds of buildings, especially large buildings, which have a higher cost. Boilers are also divided into 3 types of hot water boilers, hot water boilers and steam boilers in terms of working resistance. Cast iron boilers work with hot water fluid due to their low resistance, but steel boilers have high resistance and can be used for all 3 types of hot water, hot water and steam.

engine room burner:

The device that creates heat in boilers is called a burner. Usually, the fuel of burners is fossil fuels, especially gasoline, diesel, gas, and fuel oil, and gas burners are the most widely used types of burners. There are two types of burners with blower and without blower, the blower type has higher efficiency and produces higher heat, but the type without blower produces less heat and is usually used for small environments. This burner basically creates the combustion conditions which are 3 factors of air, fuel and spark at the same time and causes fire and consequently heat. Usually, the temperature that these burners create varies from about 80 degrees Celsius to more than 200 degrees Celsius. Among the reliable and widely used brands of this series of heating systems, we can mention Mashal Iran Radiator, which are produced with the highest quality level and are available in the market in gas-burning and diesel-burning models according to market needs. Due to the high quality level, this model of burners can be used in engine rooms of residential or commercial buildings.

Engine room chiller:

In the cooling process related to the engine room, the chiller plays the role of the boiler in the heating process. This device takes the heat from the water and cools the water through the refrigeration cycle. The cold water resulting from this process enters the cooling cycle and finally reduces the ambient temperature through the cooling terminals in the interior of the building. There are absorption and compression chillers. In the compression chiller, the gas pressure is reduced by the compressor, and the gas enters the condenser and cools, and by losing heat, it turns into a liquid and enters the evaporator and absorbs the heat of the water that is in the area of the evaporator. The same process takes place in absorption chillers, only another method is used to increase the gas pressure. Absorption chillers are more popular because they consume less energy and produce less noise, and more of them are used in engine houses. Also, maintenance costs are much lower in absorption chillers than in compression chillers.

engine room pump:

Usually, the hot water or cold water of the engine room is not transferred to the terminals of the building only by using normal water transmission systems, especially if the number of floors in the building is high, which is usually when the central engine room is used for a building with more floors. 2 or 3 floors. In this situation, a pump is used to create pressure in the water flow and transfer it to the heating or cooling terminals of all floors. Pumps related to building facilities are produced in variable sizes and capacities, depending on the number of floors and the number of terminals in the building, the right water pump can be selected.

Expansion tank :

When the water is heated in the engine room boiler, it expands and increases in volume, in this case it may cause the water pipes to burst due to the expansion of the water. To avoid this problem, they consider a source to store water so that there is not too much pressure on the water pipes. On the other hand, when the water available in the cycle decreases, these sources are responsible for bringing a certain amount of water into the water transfer cycle and the heating operation of the building does not face problems.

Click here to read the article on the best Bhutan package model.

Engine room pipe:

The pipes used in the engine room heating or cooling system are installed separately for hot water and cold water, and all these pipes are insulated to prevent energy wastage. The hot water pipes from the boiler are drawn to the heating terminals, and the cold water pipes from the chiller are connected to the cold terminals. In fact, the pipes in the engine room system are responsible for the transfer of hot or cold water.

Engine water hardener:

When there are elements of calcium and magnesium in the water, it is said that the water has hardness because these elements are deposited in the cooling or heating system of the building and over time it causes clogging of the pipes, inlets and outlets of the equipment, which is also costly. It creates a high for cleaning the equipment and also creates a risk for the system in case of clogging of the pipes. To prevent these elements from depositing in engine room equipment, they use a water softener, which removes these salts from the water and prevents deposits from forming in the pipes.

Deaerator or deaerator:

This device is used in large engine houses to capture oxygen, carbon dioxide and gases dissolved in water. Gases dissolved in water, especially oxygen, cause severe corrosion and rust in engine room equipment. Aerators have two general types, which include waterfall or tray aerators and spray aerators. The cascade aerator has a dome-shaped part that is placed on top of the boiler. The sprayer type includes a cylinder that performs both deaeration and storage.

Heating and cooling devices:

In the cooling or heating process that is done in the engine room, finally, hot or cold water must transfer its energy to the interior of the building through a device, which is called a heating or cooling terminal. Among these terminals, we can mention the radiator and fan coil, which play both the role of heating and cooling terminal according to the water that enters it. In general, the thermal terminals are considered the final part of the heating or cooling cycle of the engine room, which after the energy-carrying water transfers its heat or cold to the environment through the terminal, it opens again to the beginning of the cycle, which is the boiler or chillers. be made

Engine room condensation tank:

When water vapor transfers its energy in engine room equipment, it changes from gas to liquid by losing energy in the gaseous state. In this state of condensation, water is produced, which is called condensed water. The main task of the condensate tank is to collect condensate water from the boiler equipment. The amount of water stored in this way in the condensate tank can be added to the water boiler cycle as reserve water in cases where the engine room water is cut off. Using the condensate tank in the engine room equipment saves energy and water, reduces the amount of wastewater, and is effective in reducing air pollution.

Intelligent engine room control:

This item is actually used in modern and new motorhomes and is an optional but very practical mode. In this case, the engine room system is no longer turned on or off or adjusted manually by the user, but a large number of sensors and operators are connected to a central processing system that is based on the information obtained from the sensors from the environment and a program Given to the central processing system, a decision is made to adjust the engine room and applied to the engine room through actuators. For example, a boiler can be an operator. so that its burner can be turned on or off through the command of the central processing system.

Advantages and disadvantages of the wall package:

Benefits of the package:

- Occupies little space.

-Compared to the engine house, which is assigned a room or warehouse, you should know that it occupies less space.

- It has the ability to adjust the temperature to your desired level.

-Easy installation and repair due to availability.

- It works quietly and without noise.

- A package can be installed separately and independently for each residential unit.

- It has high safety

- Saving fuel consumption due to having ignition sensors and…

Ease of repair due to availability

Packages can have a hot water tank and work with minimal water pressure.

- High efficiency package

- Low consumption compared to the engine room

Click here to buy package parts with warranty.

Disadvantages of the package:

It occupies the interior of your home. Although the package is not big, it occupies a part of the environment anyway.

- It has a shorter lifespan compared to the engine room.

- It does not respond in areas above 300 meters and is less efficient.

That is, if you use the package in environments with a size of more than 300 meters, you must use other heating systems to help it.

Advantages and disadvantages of the engine room

Advantages of the engine room:

- One of the most important advantages of the engine house is its long life.

After starting the engine room, there is no need to repair or replace the equipment for years after that, but the service must be done.

- Motorhome is used for large environments, and if you want to use it for residential houses, it is better to use it for more than a few houses in order to save energy and it will be more suitable for you in terms of cost.

- One of the other advantages of the engine house is its safety because it is located outside the environment and if a problem occurs inside it, it will not cause any damage to the residential environment and its people.

-Another advantage of the engine house is that it can be installed in unused environments such as basements, warehouses, etc., and it does not need to occupy the useful environments of your home.

- It has a large tank.

Disadvantages of the engine room:

- The lack of independence and the absence of a thermostat in it makes it not have the desired settings.

- The burner of the engine room is not set

- Excessive sedimentation of the boiler or boiler due to the presence of mineral salts in the water

Is the package better or the garage:

By examining the structure and comparing the package and the engine room, we point out the advantages and advantages of the package compared to the central systems. Using the system and any device has countless advantages and disadvantages, the choice of which one you choose depends entirely on your type of consumption. And our experts in Tehran Service will help you in this choice.